Philosophical Understanding of Euthanasia: Deprivation of Life or Realization of the Right to Death
Abstract
Abstract. The relevance of the study is due to a certain uncertainty about issues related to eutvnvsia as a process consisting in forced termination of life. The aim of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of euthanasia in the context of the implementation of the human right to death. The phenomenon of euthanasia is analyzed and a humane component is identified in this from a medical point of view and from the point of view of human rights. The authors argue that transformational transformations and processes of European integration cause changes in consciousness, which requires understanding and awareness of the depth of human rights, the disposal of not only property, but also Personal Rights, which is the right to life. Awareness of the right to death as a natural human right requires the implementation of a comprehensive approach, taking into account legal, ethical, religious, economic, spiritual issues related to the existence of a person in a social state, humane attitude to the human person, etc. The experience of EU countries in the issue of legalization and euthanasia is used, and the legislation of European states is analyzed in order to formulate the author’s vision of the concept of euthanasia. The authors are looking for an answer to the question: is euthanasia humane? Does a person have the right to die and can they exercise it? Can the deprivation of life be legal and not responsible? As a conclusion, it is stated that euthanasia cannot be qualified as murder, since it is the exclusive right of a person to manage his life independently. Based on this, they are discussing the expediency of normative consolidation of the euthanasia procedure in Ukraine. The necessity of consolidating the right to death as a way to realize the human right to life is justified. It is proved that the existence of such a legal norm in Ukrainian legislation will not allow voluntary euthanasia to become mandatory and will reduce responsibility for the act itself. When writing the article, the author used general scientific and special legal methods and an integrated approach. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the authors have identified the most appropriate methods and methodological approaches, which will consolidate the right of a person to dispose of his life, consolidate the Humane foundations of legislation and determine its further development, taking into account changes in public consciousness.
Keywords: euthanasia; right to life; legalization of euthanasia; realization of the right to death; practice on euthanasia.
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